Hello world. This is Professor Joy. I'm talking about the difference between physical and logical models in systems analysis and Design. The logical model tells you what. And it is general. The physical tells you how, and it is very specific. If I say call everyone and tell them the meeting is canceled. You picture using a phone. Instead, I could say notify everyone that the meeting is canceled. If I put it that way, I've removed the physical object, the phone, from my description and you could brainstorm now and you could think of different ways that you might notify everyone that the meeting is canceled. So we're looking at the essence of this they need to be notified they don't necessarily have to be called on a telephone. Another example: we could say the server gives the customer a menu. Then we can picture a physical menu. Instead, I could say, the customer reviews the menu. And then I could brainstorm and I could say how would I present this menu? Is it online? Could it be on a blackboard in the restaurant or in the window of the restaurant? Could it be on a device, or is it printed on paper? Eventually we have to create a physical system and actually implement it. But we tried to put off the physical description of the system until the very end when we're ready to implement it and after we've had a chance to brainstorm and think about different ways we might do that.